Henry dickson



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UNITED STATES PATENT @Errea HENRY DICKSON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOR TO SUSAN CATHERINE DICKSON, OF SAME PLACE.

MANUFACTURE oF BRICK, TILE, DRAIN-Pipes, ato.

SFEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 346,358, dated July 27,1886.

(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that l, HENRY Dickson, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in theManufacture of Brick, Tile, Drain-Pipes, &c.; and ldohereby declare thefollon-'ing` to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to an improvement on my Patent No. 313,480,granted March l0, 1885; and it consists in forming a compound of slateand aluminous clay, in the proportions hereinafter specified, for thepurpose of manufacturing brick, tile, Vdrain-pipe, and kindred articles.

It is a fact well known that in connection with slate-quarries there isa vast amount of waste or refuse matter in the form of small pieces ofslate, and that it becomes a source of serious annoyance by itsaccumulation. It has been discovered that this waste can be utilizedvery profitably by converting it into brick for building and otherpurposes, tile for flooring, drain-pipe for ordinary uses, and variousother articles of commerce may be made from it, and that articles madetherefrom possess a finer grain, are superior in quality, and moredurable than those now in common use made from other analogous material.

In the art of manufacturing brick, &c., under my patent above referredto considerable loss has been sustained by the manufacturer by thebreaking of green brick and other articles made from slate alone, and inorder to prevent the breaking of said brick great care must be exercisedin handling them, which results in loss of time, increased expense, andrenders the making of molded articles therefrom unprotable.

rlhe object of my present invention is to overcome the difficultyreferred to, and it is accomplished by the means hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a brick; Fig. 2, asection of tile oor, and Fig. 3 a section of pipe made from slate andaluminous clay in accordance with my invention.

Under my original process of manufacturing brick, tile, drain-pipes,&c., as set forth in my patent, the waste of slate-quarries waspulverized, tempered, and molded into various forms; but owing to thebrittleness and lack of adhesiveness possessed by the slate-.t largenumber of the molded articles while in their green state were broken byhandling them in drying on iioors, racking, and setting them in kilns.

By a series of experiments I have discovered that by mixing aluminousclay with the slate this defect can be overcome and a very superiorquality of brick, tile, or drain-pipe produced.

In practicing my invention I take the ordinary waste of theslate-quarry, pulverize it by ordinary means, then mix with it aluminousclay in the proportion of about four parts slate to one part of clay, orfive parts slate to one part of clay, according to t-he richness oradhesive quality of the clay. I then teinper the compound in theordinary manner well known to the art, mold it into form, and dry thearticles, after which they are burned in an oven or kiln, as usual.

Articles made from slate and clay in about the proportions set forth canbe handled with equal facility as such as are made wholly of clay, andrenderit practicable to manufacture a very superior articlefrom asubstance which has heretofore been permitted not only to go to waste,but to prove a great obstacle to the working of slate-quarries, or itsubjected the persons engaged in working the quarries to a heavy expenseto remove the refuse inatter,without yielding any remuneration for thelabor and expense incurred.

By the use of slate of different colors-such as black, blue, red, andgray-for the manufacture of tiling a very fine appearance may be givento a floor, while it possesses aiiner grain and presents a smoothersurface than that made from clay alone, and at a greatly-reduced cost,while its durability is greatly increased; and the same etfect may beproduced by using brick of different colors for ornainenting the frontsof buildings.

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Having thus fully described my invention, articles, whichconsistsinpulverizing the slate, what I claim is mixing therewith aquantity of lluminous 15 l. A brick, tile, pipe, or other moldedarticlay, tempering thecompound, molding,r it into cle made of acompound of pulverized slate articles of commerce, dryingthem, andfinally 5 and aluminousclay.substantially as described. baking orburning said articles, substantially 2. A brick, tile, pipe, or othermolded artias described. cle made of a. compound of pulverized slate Intestimony whereof` I aix my signaturein 2o and aluminous clay in theproportion of about presence of two witnesses.

four or ve parts slate and one part clay, sub- HENRY DICKSON. 1ostanti-ally as described. Witnesses:

3. The process of treatingslate forthe manu- JAMES J. JOHNSTON, factureof brick, tile, pipe, or other molded JAMES J. JOHNSTON, Jr.

